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Saturday, May 31

[Modern India] Non Cooperation Movement

Ghandhian Phase
  • Ghandhiji arrived India in 1915 from South Africa.
  • In 1916, he founded the Sabarmathi Ashram at Ahmedabad
  • Three major events
    1. Champaran Sathyagraha (1917) Bihar
    1. Ahmedabad Mill Strike (1918)`UP
    1. Kheda Satyagraha (1918) Gujarat

Champaran Sathyagraha (1917)
  • The peasant were forced to cultivate indigo 3/20th of their land and to sell it with the price fixed by the European planters.
  • Persons who took active part along with Gandhiji were:
    • Rajendra Prasad
    • Mazhar-ul-Huq
    • J.B. Kripalani
    • Narhari parekh
    • Mahadev Desai
  • Government formed a committee to enquire which also included gandhiji as a member.

Ahmedabad Mill Strike (1918)
  • Demand for 35% increase in wage.
  • Gandhiji undertook fast.
  • The mill owners accepted the demand at the end.

Kheda Satyagraha (1918)
  • The government demanded full land revenue even though there was a crop failure.
  • Ghandhiji advised the peasants to withhold payment.
  • Finally, government ordered to collect payment only from those who can afford.
  • Sardar Vallabhai Patel was one among those who took active part.

Rowlatt Act (March 1919)
  • The Rowlatt act , gave powers to arrest and detain without trail for period upto 2 years.
  • It also suspended the right of Habeas Corpus.

Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (April 1919)

  • To protest against the arrest of leaders Saifuddin Kitchlew and Satyapal, people assembled in the Jallianwala Bagh (Amritsar, Punjab).
  • General Dyer order to open fire.
  • Hunter Commission were appointed to enquire the case.
  • Rabindranath tagore renounced his Knightwood to show his protest on this issue.

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